State Route 50 is a 54-mile (87 km) long route in the eastern part of the state. The western terminus of the route is at it junction with State Route 229 near Lake Martin in northeastern Elmore County. The eastern terminus of the route is at its junction with U.S. Highway 29 at Lanett, just west of the Alabama-Georgia border.

From its origin, State Route 50 assumes an eastward trajectory as it skirts the southern shores of Lake Martin, passing through rural areas of Elmore County and Tallapoosa County. East of where the route would cross into Macon County if it were to continue its eastward trajectory, the route takes a sudden turn to the northeast as it leads towards Camp Hill.

After sharing a brief wrong-way concurrency with U.S. Highway 280 at Camp Hill, State Route 50 resumes its eastward trajectory as it crosses into Chambers County. The route continues eastward, passing through La Fayette before it reaches its terminus at Lanett.