State Highway 75 is a two-lane highway that travels through the Sawtooth Range of central Idaho from Shoshone to Challis. The road is designated as one of Idaho's scenic byways and provides access to Sawtooth National Recreation Area. It primarily follows the Big Wood River and the main Salmon River.

State Highway 75 begins at a junction with US-93 on Greenwood Street in Shoshone at an elevation of just under 4000 feet (1219 m) above sea level. The highway heads northward, and ascends the Big Wood River valley, into Blaine County, past the Magic Reservoir to the west and crosses US-20 at Timmerman Junction at 4884 feet (1489 m).

It continues northward as the Sawtooth Scenic Byway to pass through the Big Wood River communities of Bellevue, Hailey, and Ketchum. Sun Valley is accessible via a spur route junction in Ketchum at Third Street, which becomes Sun Valley Road.

Seven miles (11 km) north of Ketchum, the highway passes by the headquarters of the Sawtooth National Recreation Area at 6250 feet (1905 m) and the Boulder Mountains to the north, with peaks over 11,000 feet (3353 m). SH-75 climbs past the Galena Lodge to the Galena Summit at 8701 feet (2652 m), then descends to the scenic viewpoint about a mile later, which overlooks the Sawtooth Mountains to the west and headwaters of the Salmon River in the Sawtooth Valley.

Highway 75 descends the grade and reaches the upper end of the valley floor at new Sawtooth City at 7190 feet (2192 m), and then enters Custer County. It runs northward down the valley with the Salmon River to Obsidian and Stanley, with the Sawtooths to the immediate west and the White Cloud Mountains to the slightly more distant east. The turnoff to picturesque Redfish Lake is about five miles (8 km) south of Stanley.

At Stanley, the highway intersects with the northern terminus of State Highway 21, the Ponderosa Pine Scenic Byway from Boise, through Idaho City and Lowman. Highway 75 becomes the Salmon River Scenic Byway, and continues north for a mile, then veers east with the twisty river towards Clayton, then north towards Challis, where the route terminates and rejoins US-93 just south of the city limits.

In 1824, while searching the mountain wilderness of what is present day Idaho, known to them as Columbia District, for beaver, Alexander Ross came up the Wood River and discovered Galena Summit on September 18. Leading a large brigade of Hudson's Bay Company trappers, he wondered if he could get through unknown mountains and rocky defiles that obstructed his passage back to his base of operations at present Challis. Unwilling to turn back he pressed on to explore Stanley Basin and the difficult canyon beyond. When he reached Challis on October 5, 1924, he had traveled the route now followed by Idaho State Highway 75 from Bellevue to Salmon through mostly unexplored land.

The road itself, dates back to at least 1926 when it was designated U.S. Route 93. Former U.S. Route 93 Alternate, running through Arco, was redesignated as U.S. Route 93 in 1977, and at that time this route was given its current state highway designation.