State Highway 75 is a Texas state route remnant of the old U.S. Route 75. State Highway 75 retained the number as a state highway when Interstate 45 supplanted U.S. Route 75 south of Dallas except in Dallas, where old U.S. Route 75 is now State Highway 310, and through Ferris, Palmer, Ennis, and Corsicana, where the old highway is signed as Business Route I-45. This route was designated in 1987.

SH 75 was previously designated in 1926 to replace SH 13A from Amarillo east to the Oklahoma border. By 1927 it was running concurrently with the newly designated U.S. Highway 66, and was cancelled by 1938.

North of Dallas, US 75 was rerouted onto Central Expressway, one of the first expressway projects in the United States, in the 1950s. Its original route from Richardson to Howe (south of Sherman) was redesignated as State Highway 5.