State Route 256 (SR 256, OH 256) is a 25.99-mile (41.83 km) east–west state highway in the central portion of the U.S. state of Ohio. The western terminus of SR 256 is at a T-intersection with U.S. Route 40 (US 40) in Reynoldsburg. Its eastern terminus is at a T-intersection with SR 13 approximately 5.50 miles (8.85 km) northeast of Somerset.

SR 256 runs through parts of Franklin, Fairfield and Perry Counties. No portion of SR 256 is included within the National Highway System (NHS). The NHS is a system of highways deemed most important for the nation's economy, mobility and defense.