State Route 656 (SR 656, OH 656) is a state highway in the central portion of the U.S. state of Ohio that is signed north–south, but actually trends northeast–southwest. The highway's southern terminus is at State Route 61 approximately 4.5 miles (7.2 km) north of Sunbury. Its northern terminus is less than 0.25 miles (0.40 km) northeast of the village limits of Sparta at its junction with State Route 229.

State Route 656 travels through northeastern Delaware County and southeastern Morrow County. No part of the route is inclusive within the National Highway System.

This state highway made its debut in 1937 along the alignment that it utilizes to this day between State Route 61 and State Route 229. State Route 656 has not experienced any major changes to its routing since its inception.